At present, most of the excavators on the market use diesel engines as the power output source, which provides power for excavators to carry out operations. A friend who has a excavator turns to this editor, when the excavator takes a heavy smoke and is normal, the big arm will not rise and fall, the small arm expansion will take a lot of smoke, what is the situation?
One, the cause of smoking
1. The flammable mixed gas is too strong.
2, the engine oil is too much oil.
3, the piston ring or crankshaft oil seal is not well sealed.
4, there is water in the fuel.
5, the spark plug is bad.
6. The air filter is dirty
Two. Troubleshooting and troubleshooting
1. the inspection and diagnosis of the excessive mixture of inflammable and mixed gases should focus on checking carburettor and air cleaner.
2. there is no comparison between the blending of the mixed oil and the oil, or the incorrect number of the oil used. If the mixed oil contains too much oil or the quality of the oil is poor, the engine oil of the combustible mixture can not be completely burned, causing black smoke. The two stroke engine with separate lubrication mode, the imbalance of the oil pump and the over supply of oil will also result in the above phenomena. At this time, the oil pump should be checked and adjusted according to the regulations so as to ensure that the lubricating oil is supplied proportionally under different throttle opening.
3. excessive wear or break of the four stroke engine and excessive oil in the crankcase will cause the oil to string into the combustion chamber and cause excessive oil in the mixture. If the oil seal of the two stroke engine crankshaft is broken, it will also cause the oil in the transmission to string into the crankcase and enter the combustion chamber with the mixture.
4. the reason for mixing water in fuel is that the fuel in the fuel tank contains moisture. At this time, the fuel tank should be cleaned and the fuel changed. Another reason is that the cylinder gasket of the water-cooled engine is broken, and the cold water enters the cylinder. If there is no leakage, the water consumption in the water tank is too fast, and the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe is slightly white.
Gasoline engine black smoke is very rare, black smoke is mainly not completely burning fuel in the combustion chamber, under the condition of high temperature anoxia, diesel oil can not be fully fully burned, so the decomposition of the formation of carbon smoke, it is a small size of the aggregate.
Because the reaction rate of this aggregation is much slower than that of the gasification fuel, the combustion chamber can not be fully burned again through the exhaust pipe because of the high temperature anoxic environment, so the black smoke is presented.
The direct consequence of this phenomenon is that the fuel consumption of the diesel engine is very high and the power is reduced. At the same time, a large amount of carbon deposition exists in the piston and piston ring valves. When it is serious, the piston ring will be stuck, the valve seal is not tight and the air leakage is produced. At the same time, it will accelerate the wear of the parts and reduce the service life of the engine, so this aspect should pay special attention.
Three. The key summary
At the time of opening the machine, we should also pay attention to the observation of the exhaust color of the excavator, in order to judge whether the diesel engine may fail, to find out the problem as soon as possible, and to avoid greater loss.
