In the hot summer, construction machinery and equipment will be more prone to hidden dangers. Therefore, summer maintenance and repair are of great significance to the safe use of construction machinery in high-temperature environments and to extend the service life of the whole machine.
The following points are possible failures and emergency treatment solutions of construction machinery under high temperature environment, and how to do daily maintenance of construction machinery in summer.
Failures faced by high-temperature environments
1. Hydraulic system failure
The hydraulic system will often have failures such as tube explosion, joint leakage, solenoid valve coil burnout, hydraulic valve jamming, and high noise in high temperature environments; systems that use accumulators may cause damage to the accumulator due to high hydraulic oil temperature;
In the summer, the aging circuit will be more likely to cause cracking of the skin due to the thermal expansion and contraction of the metal, causing short-circuit failure; the electrical components in the control cabinet are also prone to failure during high-temperature seasons, and critical control components such as industrial computers and PLCs may also crash and run. Failures such as slow speed and control failure.
2. Failure of the lubrication system
Construction machinery working at high temperature for a long time will cause the performance of the lubrication system to deteriorate, the oil is easy to deteriorate, and the transmission systems such as the chassis are easy to wear, and it will also affect the appearance of the paint layer, brake system, clutch, throttle control system and metal structure .
3. Engine failure
It is easy to cause the engine to "boil" under high temperature conditions, which reduces the viscosity of the engine oil, which leads to failures such as cylinder pulling and tile burning, and also reduces the output power of the engine.
Sustained high temperature has strict requirements on the permeability of the radiator, which requires the cooling system to keep running under high load, which reduces the life of the cooling system fans, water pumps and other parts. Cause its malfunction.
4. Failure of other components
The temperature is high in summer and the humidity is high. If the vent of the battery is blocked, it will cause an explosion due to the increase in internal pressure; tires working in a high temperature environment will not only increase the wear of the tire, but also cause a flat tire due to the increase in internal pressure;
The transmission tape will become longer in summer, which will cause the transmission to slip, accelerate wear, and failure to adjust in time will cause the tape to break and other failures; small cracks in the cab glass will cause cracks to expand due to large temperature differences between inside and outside or splashing water in summer A burst occurs.
High-temperature fault site emergency treatment plan
1. Engine emergency treatment plan
"Boiler" is one of the most common failures caused by high temperature in construction machinery. When the water temperature is too high, do not rush to open the radiator cover to dissipate heat. It should be cooled naturally before replenishing water.
When the engine is "opened", stop the operation immediately and let the engine run at idle speed for a few minutes. When the water temperature drops and no longer boils, wrap the water radiator cover with a towel soaked in water, carefully unscrew part of the water radiator cover to release water After the steam is released, unscrew the water radiator cover completely.
2. How to add coolant
When adding coolant, it is best to add the same type of coolant as in the water radiator. Be sure to wait until the water temperature drops to about 70 ℃.
Should adopt the "step by step water injection method" to gradually cool the temperature, and not to add water too quickly or too quickly, that is, when the engine is running at idle speed, while slowly filling, to ensure the safety of operators and equipment.
3. Overheat treatment plan of brake
When the brake is overheated, do not directly flush the engine with cold water. Directly flushing the engine with cold water may cause damage to some parts inside the engine, and may even cause the engine block, cylinder liner and other parts to burst. This will reduce its life and performance, so it must be stopped to allow it to cool naturally.
Maintenance measures for equipment operation in summer
1. Do a good job of pre-maintenance of construction machinery
In the summer, it is best to do a comprehensive repair and maintenance of construction machinery, key maintenance of equipment and components prone to high temperature failure; replace the three filters and oil of the engine, replace or adjust the tape, check the fan, water pump, generator 1. Whether the performance of the compressor is reliable, and if necessary, maintain, repair or replace it.
Properly increase the viscosity level of the engine oil, and at the same time check whether the cooling system and fuel system are unobstructed; and replace the aging wires, plugs, hoses, check and tighten the fuel lines to prevent fuel leakage; clean the engine body of oil and dust to ensure the engine "Lightly installed", good heat dissipation.
2. In summer construction, key maintenance and maintenance methods
1. The engine oil and various lubricants need to be replaced with summer oil, and the amount of oil is appropriate; always check for oil leakage, especially fuel, and it should be replenished in time.
2. The battery fluid needs to be replenished in time, the charging current should be appropriately reduced, the circuit joints must be firm and reliable, the aging circuit needs to be replaced, and the fuse capacity should meet the requirements for safe use. The equipment should be equipped with a fire extinguisher.
3. The equipment should be parked in a cool place as much as possible to avoid sun exposure. Appropriately reduce the tire pressure and prevent explosion.
4. Pay attention to the damage of rain and dust to the equipment. It is best to replace all kinds of filter elements regularly. The radiator of the hydraulic system should be cleaned regularly so that it can maintain good heat dissipation. Avoid prolonged overload work. Overheating of brakes and other places is strictly prohibited to cool down with water.
5. Check whether the components of the equipment steel structure, transmission box and axle are flexible and whether there are small cracks to prevent the damage caused by high temperature in summer .
The maintenance of construction machinery equipment, especially the maintenance under high temperature environment in summer, should follow the principle of timely, reasonable and comprehensive, in order to improve the performance of equipment and adapt to the external high temperature and working conditions. Track and manage the equipment, keep abreast of the performance dynamics of the equipment, and develop specific measures for different equipment during specific operations.
