Hydraulic equipment generally has a high failure rate in the early stages of use due to design, manufacturing, transportation, installation, commissioning, and other reasons. With the extension of operating time and the continuous elimination of failures, the failure string will gradually decrease. In the later period of equipment use, due to wear, corrosion, aging fatigue, etc. in the long-term use process, the failures gradually increase. Only in the middle period of use, the equipment failure tends to a random stable period, that is, the effective working life of the equipment. However, if it is used improperly or the potential faults are not diagnosed and eliminated in a timely manner, sudden serious faults cannot be ruled out even during the effective lifetime. Therefore, serious research and summary of equipment failures and diagnostic techniques are the prerequisites for correct and timely elimination of various failures.
1. What kind of maintenance needs to be done after working in cold areas and dust areas
1. The maintenance measures for hydraulic excavators after working in cold areas should not only carry out normal routine maintenance operations, but also pay special attention to the following two points:
(1) To prevent freezing of walking parts, after the work is completed, the mud that has fallen on the car body should be washed with water, and the machine should be parked on concrete or wooden boards or on a solid and dry ground.
(2) Anti-freezing of the magic piston rod. After the operation, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder should be retracted to the maximum extent. If the piston rod is exposed to the outside, the rod surface may freeze due to moisture condensation in the air, or due to the frozen soil, causing damage to the end cap seal.
2. The maintenance measures of the hydraulic excavator after working in a dusty site are as follows:
(1) Clean the air filter after the operation;
(2) Remove the dust accumulated on the heating device and oil cooler;
(3) Regularly check the oil and use a hydraulic oil filter to process the oil regularly. Prevent dust from mixing into working oil and fuel oil;
(4) Wash the car in time after the operation, and do not let the attached dust become dirt and accumulate.
Second, what needs attention in hydraulic excavators on special occasions
1. When the excavator is working at the beach
Some excavators work by the sea, while others work in sea water.
In this case, after the work of the excavator is completed, the part of the excavator that has been in contact with the salt water must be rinsed with clean water, and more attention should be paid to whether the electrical part is corroded. After cleaning, conditionally protect the exposed metal with oil, and then lubricate the working devices and components of the excavator to check whether there are any looseness or damage to the parts. If found, they must be dealt with in time. If you do not pay attention to the maintenance work of the excavator working at the beach, it may cause the metal of the excavator to corrode, which greatly affects the working state of the excavator.
2. When the excavator is working in the field
There are many excavators working in the field, and there is a lot of dust on the construction site. In this case, the air filter of the excavator must be replaced earlier than normal to ensure the normal operation of the engine. When there is a lot of dust, the radiator of the excavator will easily deposit dust and affect the heat dissipation effect. So use clean water to clean the radiator of the excavator. The same is true for replacing the diesel filter earlier. Pay attention to cleaning the starter and generator rectifier.
There are now many excavators working in many mines. There are many rocks and rocks. At this time, pay attention to the chassis of the excavator and the area around the four wheels, and pay attention to whether they are loose or damaged.
Checking the tension of the track is better than loosening the tension on the ground. When working on the mountain, the working device of the excavator will be damaged faster. It is necessary to pay attention to the use of the enhanced working device of the excavator and replace it in time.
3. When the excavator is working in the cold area
Excavators will also be used for winter construction in northern China. At this time, pay attention to the following problems. First of all, the oil should be made of high-quality cold-resistant fuel, and pay attention to the label of the oil. It is best to use negative tenth or negative twentyth oil.
Then, add antifreeze to the cooling water used in the excavator, otherwise the water tank will freeze. Third, the battery should be charged and discharged more often to prevent the electrolyte from freezing. Finally, the mud on the chassis of the excavator must be removed to prevent the excavator from freezing on the mud.
