Cold storage forklifts are also becoming more and more important in the industry as an indispensable handling equipment in all links, especially battery forklifts have become the first choice for the food industry and cold chain logistics companies.
Characteristics of cold storage environment
1. Divided into 4 kinds of cold storage according to the temperature range
(1) High temperature storage L level +5 to -5 degrees Celsius, mainly used to store vegetables, eggs, medicinal materials, wood for freshness and drying
(2) Medium temperature warehouse D level -10 to -18 degrees Celsius, mainly used to store meat, aquatic 名媛直播 and other 名媛直播 suitable for this temperature.
(3) Low-temperature warehouse J level -23 to -28 degrees Celsius, mainly used for ice cream, ice cream and low-temperature food.
(4) Ultra-low temperature storage Below -30 degrees Celsius, quick-frozen food, industrial, medical and other special purposes. High temperature storage does not require special cold storage forklifts, other cold storages need to use cold storage forklifts. 2. Working environment with extreme temperature and humidity changes
Especially in the south and the coast, the humidity in the outdoor environment is large, which causes the humidity in the charging area and loading and unloading area outside the cold storage to be much higher than that in the cold storage. When entering the charging area or the loading and unloading area, condensation and condensation water appear on the surface in a short time.
Hardware requirements for cold storage forklifts
(1) Metal parts require special anti-rust treatment;
(2) The rubber parts need to select low-temperature materials to ensure their working conditions at low temperatures;
(3) The wheels are made of low-hardness polyurethane material with grooved surfaces to prevent slippage and sufficient load-bearing capacity. The hardness is generally 72SH
(4) Select oil 名媛直播 with low temperature characteristics, for example, hydraulic oil selects Mobil Mobil HVI 26 or Shell Aero shell 41, etc .; gear oil uses refrigeration type, model: 75W-90 GL-5 -60 ° F ~ 90 ° F; door Low temperature lubricating oil is used for the frame and bearing lubricants, model: Shell Starner HDS or Mobil 532, etc .;
(5) The hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a vent hole, and the surface of the piston rod is thickened with chrome-plated alloy;
(6) All electrical systems with sealing or heating devices;
(7) Fill all plug parts with special grease;
(8) The controller must reach IP54 protection level, and some parts need to reach IP65 protection, if necessary, seal and isolate;
(9) Liquid crystal displays require sealing and heating devices.
Application characteristics of forklift in cold storage
1. Frequent entry and exit of cold storage to move goods
This mode of operation is suitable for operation of counterbalanced battery forklifts and battery hand-held pallet trucks. It is a common method of flat handling. It is the first choice for flat handling. It has low waterproof requirements for forklifts. Forklift hardware (such as: oil pipes, oil seals, etc. The life of the damaged parts is relatively longer.
2. Long-term handling of high-shelf stacking and unloading
Due to the different working characteristics, the task of the narrow-aisle stacker is to stack the goods transported into the cold storage on a high shelf, or pick up the goods from the high shelf to the ground, so it is continuously operating in the cold storage in use The time is relatively long.
3. The use of vehicles of different grades in different cold storage environments
(1) The -18 ° C refrigerated truck shall not work for more than 1 hour in a cold store above -18 ° C.
(2) A -30 ° C refrigerated truck can be used in a -18 ° C cold storage without time limit, and the working time in a -18 ° C to -30 ° C cold storage must not exceed 15 minutes / hour.
(3) The -40 ° C refrigerated truck can be used in the -18 ° C cold storage, there is no time limit. Working in the -18 ° C to -30 ° C cold storage is not allowed to operate for 3 hours. You must operate outside the cold storage for half an hour or rest the same time. Working time in the cold storage at -40 ℃ shall not exceed 15 minutes / hour.
Influence of battery discharge characteristics on the use of cold storage vehicles
Due to the chemical characteristics of the battery, the freezing point of the electrolyte has a great relationship with the specific gravity. At low temperatures, the battery cannot discharge normal electricity.
1. Freezing point of electrolyte
(1) The freezing point of sulfuric acid with a specific gravity of 1.13 is around -12 ℃
(2) The freezing point of sulfuric acid with a specific gravity of 1.29 is around -60 ℃
Below zero, the battery can discharge less than 60% of the total capacity
2. Selection of batteries and precautions during use
(1) Choose high-end brand batteries to ensure the use of forklifts and battery replacement time;
(2) Try to keep the battery in a full state to ensure that the battery electrolyte has a high specific gravity;
(3) The forklift and battery should be preheated before entering the cold storage;
(4) Keep the battery surface dry and the battery liquid level high.
Establish buffer zone to prevent forklift high temperature operation
Through long-term application research, we have a method to prevent the generation of a large amount of condensate: If a buffer zone is built between the cold storage and the charging area and the loading and unloading area, after the forklift is used for a specified period of operation, the forklift drives out of the cold storage and buffers Rest in the area and replace the battery to ensure that the temperature of the buffer zone is around 0 degrees and the humidity is controlled below 40%, which can effectively control the generation of condensate. The humidity of the buffer zone can be controlled with the help of a dehumidifier, or the temperature can be controlled by isolating the loading and unloading area to ensure low humidity.
Precautions for the use of cold storage vehicles
(1) All cold storage vehicles can not be shut down and parked in the cold storage, otherwise it may cause damage to the hydraulic system and electrical system.
(2) Before entering the cold storage, all cold storage vehicles must do hydraulic and walking actions until the temperature of each component rises and enter the cold storage.
(3) According to different cold storage truck grades, operate in the cold storage according to the standard sustainable working time.
(4) If condensate is generated on the surface of the vehicle after leaving the warehouse, it must be dried or wait for the condensate to dry out before entering the cold storage again.
(5) Use special oil 名媛直播 for cold storage, regular maintenance and replacement.
(6) Shorten the maintenance period of lubrication points and prevent early wear of lubrication points.
(7) The battery cannot be left empty for a long time after discharge, charge it in time and maintain a high specific gravity of the electrolyte to prevent the battery electrolyte from freezing.
(8) The operation of different car models improves the efficiency of various car models in the cold storage.
(9) When the vehicle fails in the cold storage, it must be removed from the cold storage as soon as possible and repaired in the buffer zone or maintenance area. The cold storage type forklift is a special handling machine. Its use and maintenance methods are directly related to the service life of the forklift. The professional recommended models and the use of various models, professional maintenance and repair can ensure the effective utilization of Intact rate and service life.
