Key hints: the use and maintenance during the loading period of the loading machine: the running in period is an important link to ensure the normal operation of the loader, reduce the failure rate and prolong the service life of the loader. But at present, some users are ignoring the special technical requirements of the new machine running in due to lack of common sense of loaders or because of the tight schedule or the desire to gain the benefits as soon as possible.
After the loader is out of the factory, it is generally stipulated that there is a period of about 60 hours of running in (some known as the closing period). This is the rule of Yutong heavy labor according to the technical characteristics of the initial use of the loader.
Running in period is an important link to ensure the normal operation of the loader, reduce the failure rate and prolong its service life. But at present, some users are ignoring the special technical requirements of the new machine running in due to lack of common sense of loaders or because of the tight schedule or the desire to gain the benefits as soon as possible. Some users even think that the manufacturer has a repair period, and the machine is damaged by the manufacturer for maintenance, so the machine is overloaded for a long time in the period of the running in, which causes the failure of the machine to occur frequently, which not only affects the normal use of the machine and shorten the life of the machine, but also is affected by the machine damage. Progress of the project. Therefore, attention should be paid to the application and maintenance of the running in period of loaders.
First, the characteristics of the running in period
1. fast wear speed
Because of the influence of the processing, assembly and adjustment of the new machine parts, the friction surface is rough, the contact area of the matching surface is small, and the pressure condition of the surface is uneven. During the operation of the machine, the concave and convex parts of the surface of the parts are chimed with each other and friction, and the worn metal debris will continue to participate in friction as abrasive, which accelerates the wear of the parts with the surface. Therefore, during the running in period, it is easy to cause wear and tear of parts (especially with the surface), and the wear rate is fast. At this point, if overloaded operation, it may lead to parts damage, resulting in early failure.
2. bad lubrication
Because of the smaller fit gap of the newly assembled parts and the reason of assembly, it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the fit gap. The lubricating oil (grease) is not easy to form a uniform oil film on the friction surface to prevent the wear. So as to reduce the lubrication efficiency and cause the early abnormal wear of the machine parts. In severe cases, it can cause scratched or occluded friction surfaces, resulting in faults.
3. loosening
In the new processing and assembly parts, there is a deviation of geometry and size. In the early period of use, due to the impact of shock, vibration and other factors such as heat, deformation and so on, and too fast wear and tear, it is easy to make the original fastening parts loose.
4. occurrence of leakage
Due to the loosening of the machine parts and the influence of the vibration and the heat of the machine, the sealing surface of the machine and the connection of the pipe joint will appear leakage, and some defects in the casting and processing are difficult to be found during the assembly and debugging. But because of the vibration and impact of the operation process, the defects are exposed, showing the leakage (water) oil (water). Therefore, it is easy to leak during running in period.
5. errors in operation
Due to inadequate understanding of the structure and performance of the machine (especially the new operator), it is easy to cause failures due to operational errors and even cause mechanical accidents.
Two, the application and maintenance of the running in period
1. because the construction machinery is a special vehicle, the operator should accept the training and guidance of the manufacturer, have a full understanding of the structure and performance of the machine, and obtain certain operating and maintenance experience to operate the machine. The production and maintenance instructions provided by the manufacturer are the necessary information for the operator to operate the equipment. Before operating the machine, we must first read the "maintenance instructions" and carry out the operation and maintenance according to the requirements.
2. pay attention to the working load during the running in period. Half of the working load in the running in period should not exceed 60% of the rated working load, and the appropriate amount of work should be arranged to prevent the occurrence of the overheating site caused by the continuous operation of the machine for a long time.
3., pay attention to observing the instructions of the instruments regularly. If any abnormalities occur, they should be stopped in time. They should be stopped before the cause is not found and the fault is not ruled out.
4. pay attention to checking the lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, coolant, brake fluid and fuel oil (water) regularly, and check the tightness of the whole machine. It is found that there is too much oil and water in the inspection, and the reason should be analyzed. At the same time, the lubrication of each lubricating point should be strengthened. It is suggested that lubricating grease should be added to each lubrication point during the running in period (except for special requirements).
5. keep the machine clean, adjust and fasten loose parts in time to prevent wear and tear or loose parts due to loosening.
6. when the running in period is over, the machine should be forced to maintain, check and adjust, and pay attention to the replacement of the oil.
In short, the requirements for maintenance of loaders during running in period can be summarized as follows: strengthening training, reducing load, paying attention to inspection and strengthening lubrication. As long as we pay attention to the maintenance and maintenance of the loader, it will reduce the occurrence of early failure, prolong the service life and improve the efficiency of operation.
