When using measurement data to guide the operation of bulldozers and graders, our commonly used techniques often adopt different methods. In actual measurement practice, surveyors must work with bulldozers and graders on site for multiple elevation operations and multiple guidance. When the driver, the driver and the surveying personnel do not cooperate well, it will greatly waste the measurement resources and waste the mechanical shifts. After a measurement, the motor grader driver can smoothly press the measurement data without any guidance, and complete the leveling and leveling operations with high quality? In the practice of measurement and control of multiple roadbed constructions, I have summarized a new set of elevation control methods, and achieved good results. This method was named by us as the "thunder-type elevation control method". This method is simple to operate. Convenient, fast, new and practical, it is very popular among surveyors and bulldozer and grader drivers. In particular, it is widely used in roadbed leveling operations and subbase level operations using graders, which can better reflect the scientific and advanced nature of this method.
1. The traditional method tires the surveyor and confuses the driver
In the past, when measuring and working on flat ground with the driver, it is generally: the surveying worker first shovels the place to be leveled: initial measurement-shovel shovel to remove the super high soil-second measurement-then shovel or pad soil, until the measurement point is reached Design the elevation, and then cover the setting point with white lime. When the motor grader is leveling, this point is used as the reference point for leveling operations, leaving a trace of irregular white lime on the scraped work surface. The driver in the cab cannot judge how deep the first cut should be. After the first cut, how far away the working surface is from the actual elevation cannot be quantified. This causes the driver to feel that it is either high or low, complaining in the measurement, and the driver is confused. Often the surveyor has to communicate with the driver for a long time. Sometimes the surveyor must take the record book to report the super height to the driver one by one in the cab The operation is extremely inconvenient. In addition, the method of hanging the wire, the method of burying bricks, and the method of slotting can not solve the above problems well.
2. New method of elevation control for grader and bulldozer construction
According to the drawbacks of the above-mentioned construction methods, the focus is on solving the problems of the complexity of the measurement process and the intuitive image of the quantification of the depth of the knife when the driver is flattened.
2.1. "Super-elevation indicator" transforms data into image symbols
Making small tools for the "super-elevation indicator" measurement is very important for the leveler driver to control the elevation. The purpose is to visually reflect the digital leveling amount on the work surface with symbols in the operator’s mind. After seeing the symbols on the work surface, the driver generates a kind of conditioned reflex and automatically operates the blade up and down lever to achieve the purpose of the work.
2.2. Structure and structure of "super-elevation indicator"
The super high indicator is a patented product of the inventor Lei Shiyu, the patent application number is: 200520079425.2, and the structure principle is as shown in the figure below. In the figure, d=h,k=the thickness of the indicator, ∠a=2arctg1/2 (about 53°07’48’’),
2.3 How to use the "super-elevation indicator"
After the elevation measurement is completed, according to the superelevation data of each measuring point, the indicator is driven horizontally along the forward direction of the motor grader, and the manufactured "superelevation indicator" is driven into the soil vertically and evenly with a hammer on the measuring point. The depth is the ultra-high data + the plate thickness. After reaching the elevation, gently pull out the indicator, stuff white lime in the space left by the indicator, and then use a square iron shovel to remove the excess floating soil and lime outside the boundary. A clear white lime is left on the surface of the word "Yi". The length of the word "Yi" minus the width is the super height at this point. The motor grader driver only needs to scrape the “word” into a small square to reach the design elevation. When the difference between length and width is positive, it is super high (under-scraped); when it is zero, it is just above the design elevation; when it is negative, it is super-scraped.
2.4 Use range
This method is suitable for the elevation control of the original ground bulldozing operation, the top level grader operation of the highway subgrade earthwork, the bottom base layer (non-paver operation) leveler operation, and the bulldozer operation of large squares.
2.5 Machinery suitable for cooperation are:
Motor graders, bulldozers, scrapers, etc.
2.6 Measuring instruments used in conjunction:
Level (or total station), tower ruler, steel ruler, record book, elevation indicator, hand hammer, lime bucket, square iron shovel.
2.7 Staffing
Mirror: 1 person; Record calculation: 1 person; Ruler: 1 person; Indicator penetration: 2 people; Motor grader driver: 1 person;
3. Matters needing attention
3.1. Surveyors, drivers, and quality inspectors should learn the principles and methods of this technology. Surveyors should measure accurately. Set an indicator point every few meters. Surveyors should communicate with drivers. Drivers should start with the cooperation of surveyors. After the trial scraping, find the width indicated by the symbol on the working surface and correctly convert it to the cutting depth.
3.2. When the surveyor arranges the measuring points, they must be arranged in a straight line. When the indicator penetrates the soil, it must also be placed in a straight line on the arranged measuring points. This is conducive to the observation of the driver and the estimation of the overall overshoot. High situation. And to make technical clarifications to the driver, both parties sign the "Operation Instructions".
3.3. When driving in the indicator, it must be driven vertically. Whether the driving depth is increased by the thickness of the indicator must be communicated with the driver, because the driver's indicated depth is different during the leveling operation. When pulling out the indicator, do not shake it left and right and back and forth. It is best to step on the soil on both sides of the indicator with your feet and pull it out slowly.
3.4. When filling lime into the hole after pulling out, be sure to use the lime that has been completely digested. After filling it, step on it firmly with your foot, remove the floating soil with a square iron shovel, and remove the extra lime and confusion and obstructing sight. Object, leave a clear white symbol "one word" on a straight line on the work surface.
3.5. Before the driver works on level ground, he must ask the surveyor or technician for the "leveling operation instruction" and technical clarification of this operation section, and confirm whether the leveling depth indicated by the indicator includes the thickness of the indicator. Is it to scrape all the indicators or to make a square. It must be clear.
Summary: Although the technical content of leveling operations is not high and is not highly valued by surveyors, maybe the method you used before can achieve the purpose of leveling, but it is just a little more complicated. However, after you have mastered the "Lee's Height Control Method", the operation of the grader and bulldozer will be much easier.
